ESPHome 2025.5.0
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xiaomi_ble.cpp
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1#include "xiaomi_ble.h"
3#include "esphome/core/log.h"
4
5#ifdef USE_ESP32
6
7#include <vector>
8#include "mbedtls/ccm.h"
9
10namespace esphome {
11namespace xiaomi_ble {
12
13static const char *const TAG = "xiaomi_ble";
14
15bool parse_xiaomi_value(uint16_t value_type, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t value_length, XiaomiParseResult &result) {
16 // button pressed, 3 bytes, only byte 3 is used for supported devices so far
17 if ((value_type == 0x1001) && (value_length == 3)) {
18 result.button_press = data[2] == 0;
19 return true;
20 }
21 // motion detection, 1 byte, 8-bit unsigned integer
22 else if ((value_type == 0x0003) && (value_length == 1)) {
23 result.has_motion = data[0];
24 }
25 // temperature, 2 bytes, 16-bit signed integer (LE), 0.1 °C
26 else if ((value_type == 0x1004) && (value_length == 2)) {
27 const int16_t temperature = encode_uint16(data[1], data[0]);
28 result.temperature = temperature / 10.0f;
29 }
30 // humidity, 2 bytes, 16-bit signed integer (LE), 0.1 %
31 else if ((value_type == 0x1006) && (value_length == 2)) {
32 const int16_t humidity = encode_uint16(data[1], data[0]);
33 result.humidity = humidity / 10.0f;
34 }
35 // illuminance (+ motion), 3 bytes, 24-bit unsigned integer (LE), 1 lx
36 else if (((value_type == 0x1007) || (value_type == 0x000F)) && (value_length == 3)) {
37 const uint32_t illuminance = encode_uint24(data[2], data[1], data[0]);
38 result.illuminance = illuminance;
39 result.is_light = illuminance >= 100;
40 if (value_type == 0x0F)
41 result.has_motion = true;
42 }
43 // soil moisture, 1 byte, 8-bit unsigned integer, 1 %
44 else if ((value_type == 0x1008) && (value_length == 1)) {
45 result.moisture = data[0];
46 }
47 // conductivity, 2 bytes, 16-bit unsigned integer (LE), 1 µS/cm
48 else if ((value_type == 0x1009) && (value_length == 2)) {
49 const uint16_t conductivity = encode_uint16(data[1], data[0]);
50 result.conductivity = conductivity;
51 }
52 // battery / MiaoMiaoce battery, 1 byte, 8-bit unsigned integer, 1 %
53 else if ((value_type == 0x100A || value_type == 0x4803) && (value_length == 1)) {
54 result.battery_level = data[0];
55 }
56 // temperature + humidity, 4 bytes, 16-bit signed integer (LE) each, 0.1 °C, 0.1 %
57 else if ((value_type == 0x100D) && (value_length == 4)) {
58 const int16_t temperature = encode_uint16(data[1], data[0]);
59 const int16_t humidity = encode_uint16(data[3], data[2]);
60 result.temperature = temperature / 10.0f;
61 result.humidity = humidity / 10.0f;
62 }
63 // formaldehyde, 2 bytes, 16-bit unsigned integer (LE), 0.01 mg / m3
64 else if ((value_type == 0x1010) && (value_length == 2)) {
65 const uint16_t formaldehyde = encode_uint16(data[1], data[0]);
66 result.formaldehyde = formaldehyde / 100.0f;
67 }
68 // on/off state, 1 byte, 8-bit unsigned integer
69 else if ((value_type == 0x1012) && (value_length == 1)) {
70 result.is_active = data[0];
71 }
72 // mosquito tablet, 1 byte, 8-bit unsigned integer, 1 %
73 else if ((value_type == 0x1013) && (value_length == 1)) {
74 result.tablet = data[0];
75 }
76 // idle time since last motion, 4 byte, 32-bit unsigned integer, 1 min
77 else if ((value_type == 0x1017) && (value_length == 4)) {
78 const uint32_t idle_time = encode_uint32(data[3], data[2], data[1], data[0]);
79 result.idle_time = idle_time / 60.0f;
80 result.has_motion = !idle_time;
81 } else if ((value_type == 0x1018) && (value_length == 1)) {
82 result.is_light = data[0];
83 }
84 // MiaoMiaoce temperature, 4 bytes, float, 0.1 °C
85 else if ((value_type == 0x4C01) && (value_length == 4)) {
86 const uint32_t int_number = encode_uint32(data[3], data[2], data[1], data[0]);
87 float temperature;
88 std::memcpy(&temperature, &int_number, sizeof(temperature));
89 result.temperature = temperature;
90 }
91 // MiaoMiaoce humidity, 1 byte, 8-bit unsigned integer, 1 %
92 else if ((value_type == 0x4C02) && (value_length == 1)) {
93 result.humidity = data[0];
94 } else {
95 return false;
96 }
97
98 return true;
99}
100
101bool parse_xiaomi_message(const std::vector<uint8_t> &message, XiaomiParseResult &result) {
102 result.has_encryption = message[0] & 0x08; // update encryption status
103 if (result.has_encryption) {
104 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_message(): payload is encrypted, stop reading message.");
105 return false;
106 }
107
108 // Data point specs
109 // Byte 0: type
110 // Byte 1: fixed 0x10
111 // Byte 2: length
112 // Byte 3..3+len-1: data point value
113
114 const uint8_t *payload = message.data() + result.raw_offset;
115 uint8_t payload_length = message.size() - result.raw_offset;
116 uint8_t payload_offset = 0;
117 bool success = false;
118
119 if (payload_length < 4) {
120 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_message(): payload has wrong size (%d)!", payload_length);
121 return false;
122 }
123
124 while (payload_length > 3) {
125 if (payload[payload_offset + 1] != 0x10 && payload[payload_offset + 1] != 0x00 &&
126 payload[payload_offset + 1] != 0x4C && payload[payload_offset + 1] != 0x48) {
127 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_message(): fixed byte not found, stop parsing residual data.");
128 break;
129 }
130
131 const uint8_t value_length = payload[payload_offset + 2];
132 if ((value_length < 1) || (value_length > 4) || (payload_length < (3 + value_length))) {
133 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_message(): value has wrong size (%d)!", value_length);
134 break;
135 }
136
137 const uint16_t value_type = encode_uint16(payload[payload_offset + 1], payload[payload_offset + 0]);
138 const uint8_t *data = &payload[payload_offset + 3];
139
140 if (parse_xiaomi_value(value_type, data, value_length, result))
141 success = true;
142
143 payload_length -= 3 + value_length;
144 payload_offset += 3 + value_length;
145 }
146
147 return success;
148}
149
151 XiaomiParseResult result;
152 if (!service_data.uuid.contains(0x95, 0xFE)) {
153 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_header(): no service data UUID magic bytes.");
154 return {};
155 }
156
157 auto raw = service_data.data;
158 result.has_data = raw[0] & 0x40;
159 result.has_capability = raw[0] & 0x20;
160 result.has_encryption = raw[0] & 0x08;
161
162 if (!result.has_data) {
163 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_header(): service data has no DATA flag.");
164 return {};
165 }
166
167 static uint8_t last_frame_count = 0;
168 if (last_frame_count == raw[4]) {
169 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_header(): duplicate data packet received (%d).", static_cast<int>(last_frame_count));
170 result.is_duplicate = true;
171 return {};
172 }
173 last_frame_count = raw[4];
174 result.is_duplicate = false;
175 result.raw_offset = result.has_capability ? 12 : 11;
176
177 const uint16_t device_uuid = encode_uint16(raw[3], raw[2]);
178
179 if (device_uuid == 0x0098) { // MiFlora
181 result.name = "HHCCJCY01";
182 } else if (device_uuid == 0x01aa) { // round body, segment LCD
184 result.name = "LYWSDCGQ";
185 } else if (device_uuid == 0x015d) { // FlowerPot, RoPot
187 result.name = "HHCCPOT002";
188 } else if (device_uuid == 0x02df) { // Xiaomi (Honeywell) formaldehyde sensor, OLED display
190 result.name = "JQJCY01YM";
191 } else if (device_uuid == 0x03dd) { // Philips/Xiaomi BLE nightlight
193 result.name = "MUE4094RT";
194 result.raw_offset -= 6;
195 } else if (device_uuid == 0x0347 || // ClearGrass-branded, round body, e-ink display
196 device_uuid == 0x0B48) { // Qingping-branded, round body, e-ink display — with bindkeys
198 result.name = "CGG1";
199 } else if (device_uuid == 0x03bc) { // VegTrug Grow Care Garden
201 result.name = "GCLS002";
202 } else if (device_uuid == 0x045b) { // rectangular body, e-ink display
204 result.name = "LYWSD02";
205 } else if (device_uuid == 0x2542) { // rectangular body, e-ink display — with bindkeys
207 result.name = "LYWSD02MMC";
208 if (raw.size() == 19)
209 result.raw_offset -= 6;
210 } else if (device_uuid == 0x040a) { // Mosquito Repellent Smart Version
212 result.name = "WX08ZM";
213 } else if (device_uuid == 0x0576) { // Cleargrass (Qingping) alarm clock, segment LCD
215 result.name = "CGD1";
216 } else if (device_uuid == 0x066F) { // Cleargrass (Qingping) Temp & RH Lite
218 result.name = "CGDK2";
219 } else if (device_uuid == 0x055b) { // small square body, segment LCD, encrypted
221 result.name = "LYWSD03MMC";
222 } else if (device_uuid == 0x07f6) { // Xiaomi-Yeelight BLE nightlight
224 result.name = "MJYD02YLA";
225 if (raw.size() == 19)
226 result.raw_offset -= 6;
227 } else if (device_uuid == 0x06d3) { // rectangular body, e-ink display with alarm
229 result.name = "MHOC303";
230 } else if (device_uuid == 0x0387) { // square body, e-ink display
232 result.name = "MHOC401";
233 } else if (device_uuid == 0x0A83) { // Qingping-branded, motion & ambient light sensor
235 result.name = "CGPR1";
236 if (raw.size() == 19)
237 result.raw_offset -= 6;
238 } else if (device_uuid == 0x0A8D) { // Xiaomi Mi Motion Sensor 2
240 result.name = "RTCGQ02LM";
241 if (raw.size() == 19)
242 result.raw_offset -= 6;
243 } else {
244 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "parse_xiaomi_header(): unknown device, no magic bytes.");
245 return {};
246 }
247
248 return result;
249}
250
251bool decrypt_xiaomi_payload(std::vector<uint8_t> &raw, const uint8_t *bindkey, const uint64_t &address) {
252 if ((raw.size() != 19) && ((raw.size() < 22) || (raw.size() > 24))) {
253 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "decrypt_xiaomi_payload(): data packet has wrong size (%d)!", raw.size());
254 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " Packet : %s", format_hex_pretty(raw.data(), raw.size()).c_str());
255 return false;
256 }
257
258 uint8_t mac_reverse[6] = {0};
259 mac_reverse[5] = (uint8_t) (address >> 40);
260 mac_reverse[4] = (uint8_t) (address >> 32);
261 mac_reverse[3] = (uint8_t) (address >> 24);
262 mac_reverse[2] = (uint8_t) (address >> 16);
263 mac_reverse[1] = (uint8_t) (address >> 8);
264 mac_reverse[0] = (uint8_t) (address >> 0);
265
266 XiaomiAESVector vector{.key = {0},
267 .plaintext = {0},
268 .ciphertext = {0},
269 .authdata = {0x11},
270 .iv = {0},
271 .tag = {0},
272 .keysize = 16,
273 .authsize = 1,
274 .datasize = 0,
275 .tagsize = 4,
276 .ivsize = 12};
277
278 vector.datasize = (raw.size() == 19) ? raw.size() - 12 : raw.size() - 18;
279 int cipher_pos = (raw.size() == 19) ? 5 : 11;
280
281 const uint8_t *v = raw.data();
282
283 memcpy(vector.key, bindkey, vector.keysize);
284 memcpy(vector.ciphertext, v + cipher_pos, vector.datasize);
285 memcpy(vector.tag, v + raw.size() - vector.tagsize, vector.tagsize);
286 memcpy(vector.iv, mac_reverse, 6); // MAC address reverse
287 memcpy(vector.iv + 6, v + 2, 3); // sensor type (2) + packet id (1)
288 memcpy(vector.iv + 9, v + raw.size() - 7, 3); // payload counter
289
290 mbedtls_ccm_context ctx;
291 mbedtls_ccm_init(&ctx);
292
293 int ret = mbedtls_ccm_setkey(&ctx, MBEDTLS_CIPHER_ID_AES, vector.key, vector.keysize * 8);
294 if (ret) {
295 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "decrypt_xiaomi_payload(): mbedtls_ccm_setkey() failed.");
296 mbedtls_ccm_free(&ctx);
297 return false;
298 }
299
300 ret = mbedtls_ccm_auth_decrypt(&ctx, vector.datasize, vector.iv, vector.ivsize, vector.authdata, vector.authsize,
301 vector.ciphertext, vector.plaintext, vector.tag, vector.tagsize);
302 if (ret) {
303 uint8_t mac_address[6] = {0};
304 memcpy(mac_address, mac_reverse + 5, 1);
305 memcpy(mac_address + 1, mac_reverse + 4, 1);
306 memcpy(mac_address + 2, mac_reverse + 3, 1);
307 memcpy(mac_address + 3, mac_reverse + 2, 1);
308 memcpy(mac_address + 4, mac_reverse + 1, 1);
309 memcpy(mac_address + 5, mac_reverse, 1);
310 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "decrypt_xiaomi_payload(): authenticated decryption failed.");
311 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " MAC address : %s", format_hex_pretty(mac_address, 6).c_str());
312 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " Packet : %s", format_hex_pretty(raw.data(), raw.size()).c_str());
313 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " Key : %s", format_hex_pretty(vector.key, vector.keysize).c_str());
314 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " Iv : %s", format_hex_pretty(vector.iv, vector.ivsize).c_str());
315 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " Cipher : %s", format_hex_pretty(vector.ciphertext, vector.datasize).c_str());
316 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " Tag : %s", format_hex_pretty(vector.tag, vector.tagsize).c_str());
317 mbedtls_ccm_free(&ctx);
318 return false;
319 }
320
321 // replace encrypted payload with plaintext
322 uint8_t *p = vector.plaintext;
323 for (std::vector<uint8_t>::iterator it = raw.begin() + cipher_pos; it != raw.begin() + cipher_pos + vector.datasize;
324 ++it) {
325 *it = *(p++);
326 }
327
328 // clear encrypted flag
329 raw[0] &= ~0x08;
330
331 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "decrypt_xiaomi_payload(): authenticated decryption passed.");
332 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, " Plaintext : %s, Packet : %d", format_hex_pretty(raw.data() + cipher_pos, vector.datasize).c_str(),
333 static_cast<int>(raw[4]));
334
335 mbedtls_ccm_free(&ctx);
336 return true;
337}
338
339bool report_xiaomi_results(const optional<XiaomiParseResult> &result, const std::string &address) {
340 if (!result.has_value()) {
341 ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "report_xiaomi_results(): no results available.");
342 return false;
343 }
344
345 ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Got Xiaomi %s (%s):", result->name.c_str(), address.c_str());
346
347 if (result->temperature.has_value()) {
348 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Temperature: %.1f°C", *result->temperature);
349 }
350 if (result->humidity.has_value()) {
351 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Humidity: %.1f%%", *result->humidity);
352 }
353 if (result->battery_level.has_value()) {
354 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Battery Level: %.0f%%", *result->battery_level);
355 }
356 if (result->conductivity.has_value()) {
357 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Conductivity: %.0fµS/cm", *result->conductivity);
358 }
359 if (result->illuminance.has_value()) {
360 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Illuminance: %.0flx", *result->illuminance);
361 }
362 if (result->moisture.has_value()) {
363 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Moisture: %.0f%%", *result->moisture);
364 }
365 if (result->tablet.has_value()) {
366 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Mosquito tablet: %.0f%%", *result->tablet);
367 }
368 if (result->is_active.has_value()) {
369 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Repellent: %s", (*result->is_active) ? "on" : "off");
370 }
371 if (result->has_motion.has_value()) {
372 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Motion: %s", (*result->has_motion) ? "yes" : "no");
373 }
374 if (result->is_light.has_value()) {
375 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Light: %s", (*result->is_light) ? "on" : "off");
376 }
377 if (result->button_press.has_value()) {
378 ESP_LOGD(TAG, " Button: %s", (*result->button_press) ? "pressed" : "");
379 }
380
381 return true;
382}
383
385 // Previously the message was parsed twice per packet, once by XiaomiListener::parse_device()
386 // and then again by the respective device class's parse_device() function. Parsing the header
387 // here and then for each device seems to be unnecessary and complicates the duplicate packet filtering.
388 // Hence I disabled the call to parse_xiaomi_header() here and the message parsing is done entirely
389 // in the respective device instance. The XiaomiListener class is defined in __init__.py and I was not
390 // able to remove it entirely.
391
392 return false; // with true it's not showing device scans
393}
394
395} // namespace xiaomi_ble
396} // namespace esphome
397
398#endif
uint8_t address
Definition bl0906.h:4
uint8_t raw[35]
Definition bl0939.h:0
bool contains(uint8_t data1, uint8_t data2) const
Definition ble_uuid.cpp:125
bool has_value() const
Definition optional.h:87
bool parse_device(const esp32_ble_tracker::ESPBTDevice &device) override
bool decrypt_xiaomi_payload(std::vector< uint8_t > &raw, const uint8_t *bindkey, const uint64_t &address)
optional< XiaomiParseResult > parse_xiaomi_header(const esp32_ble_tracker::ServiceData &service_data)
bool parse_xiaomi_value(uint16_t value_type, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t value_length, XiaomiParseResult &result)
bool parse_xiaomi_message(const std::vector< uint8_t > &message, XiaomiParseResult &result)
bool report_xiaomi_results(const optional< XiaomiParseResult > &result, const std::string &address)
Providing packet encoding functions for exchanging data with a remote host.
Definition a01nyub.cpp:7
constexpr uint32_t encode_uint24(uint8_t byte1, uint8_t byte2, uint8_t byte3)
Encode a 24-bit value given three bytes in most to least significant byte order.
Definition helpers.h:200
constexpr uint32_t encode_uint32(uint8_t byte1, uint8_t byte2, uint8_t byte3, uint8_t byte4)
Encode a 32-bit value given four bytes in most to least significant byte order.
Definition helpers.h:195
constexpr uint16_t encode_uint16(uint8_t msb, uint8_t lsb)
Encode a 16-bit value given the most and least significant byte.
Definition helpers.h:191
std::string format_hex_pretty(const uint8_t *data, size_t length)
Format the byte array data of length len in pretty-printed, human-readable hex.
Definition helpers.cpp:372
enum esphome::xiaomi_ble::XiaomiParseResult::@152 type
uint16_t temperature
Definition sun_gtil2.cpp:12